焊制三通的接头焊接应采取单面焊双面成型法。跨接式三通,焊接时焊枪以指向厚壁管为主,严格控制焊接线能量,防止焊接变形。插入式三通,焊枪以偏向主管为主,故焊接线能量可以大些。在焊接时还应控制好焊接速度及层间温度,防止焊缝冷却过快。焊制三通的垂直度误差应不大于2L‰,且≯2。为了防止焊接变形,可在主管与支管间点焊支撑,支撑使用与母材相同或相近的材料制成,焊条也要使用与母材相匹配的进行焊接。三通焊接完成后再把支撑去除,管子表面的残留焊点要打磨平整,如果表面局部产生凹陷,必须补焊后打磨平整,并经无损检测合格才可以进行下道工序。
焊制三通的接头焊缝主要缺陷是未焊透、裂纹、气孔、夹渣等。控制焊接质量应注意以下几点:
选择正确的坡口角度及尺寸;焊接前坡口及附近的油、锈、水分等杂物必须清理干净,焊接过程中药皮要除净;按照焊卡选择适当的焊接工艺参数进行焊接。三通的连接应遵循《GBJ235-82 工业管道工程施工及验收规范》。
Welded pipe welded joints should take the side welding molding method. Jumper-style links, welding torch to point to the thick-walled tube-based, strict control of welding heat input, to prevent the welding deformation. Plug-three links, welding torch in order to bias the main charge, so welding heat input can be bigger. Should also control the welding speed and good welding layer temperature, to prevent the weld cooling too quickly. Welded pipe vertical error should be less than 2L ‰, and ≯ 2. To prevent distortion, and the branch in charge of inter-spot support, support using the same or similar base metal material, also used with the base metal electrode matching welding. Three welding completed before the support removed, pipe joints to polish the surface of the residue formation, local produce depression if the surface to be polished smooth after repair welding, and can pass through non-destructive testing for the next process. Weld joints welded pipe major drawback is incomplete penetration, cracks, porosity, slag. Welding quality control should note the following: Select the correct angle and their size; welding groove and the nearby former oil, rust, water and other debris must be clean, Chinese leather welding process to inter net; in accordance with the welding card select the appropriate welding parameters welding. Three of the connection should follow the "GBJ235-82 Industrial pipe construction and acceptance."